Non-Refereed Conference Proceedings

  1. Connor, A., D. Ranjan, and D.R. Webster (2022) Hydrodynamic investigation of propulsion in mysid shrimp. Microscale Ocean Biophysics Meeting, Mallorca, Spain, May 2022.
  2. Webster, D.R., D. Elmi, and D.M. Fields (2022) Deconstructing turbulence-copepod interactions. Microscale Ocean Biophysics Meeting, Mallorca, Spain, May 2022.
  3. Connor, A., D. Adhikari, D. Ranjan, and D.R. Webster (2022) Hydrodynamics of fast forward swimming in Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba. Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, February 2022.
  4. Ruszczyk, M., D.R. Webster, and J. Yen (2022) Metachrony across swimming modes and Reynolds number in free-swimming crustaceans. Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, February 2022.
  5. Webster, D.R., D. Elmi, and D.M. Fields (2022) Deconstructing turbulence-copepod interactions – Response of three marine species small-scale, dissipative eddies in turbulence. Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, February 2022.
  6. Ruszczyk, M., D.R. Webster, and J. Yen (2022) Trends in Reynolds number, swimming behavior, and metachronal stroke kinematics in free-swimming crustaceans. Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, Phoenix, AZ, January 2022.
  7. Ruszczyk, M., D.R. Webster, and J. Yen (2021) Benefits of concurrent metachronal cycles as observed in Americamysis bahia. DFD21 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Phoenix, AZ, November 2021.
  8. Mohaghar, M. and D.R. Webster (2021) Characterization of non-linear internal waves using PIV/PLIF techniques. DFD21 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Phoenix, AZ, November 2021.
  9. Webster, D.R., M. Mohaghar, S. Jung, and K.A. Haas (2021) Marine copepod behavior responses in and near internal waves. DFD21 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Phoenix, AZ, November 2021
  10. Ruszczyk, M., D.R. Webster, and J. Yen (2021) Dual phase-shifted ipsilateral metachrony in Americamysis bahia. Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, Washington, DC, January 2021.
  11. Connor, A., D. Adhikari, D. Ranjan, and D.R. Webster (2020) Hydrodynamics and bio-locomotion of fast start mechanism in krill: Caridoid escape response. DFD20 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Chicago, IL, November 2020
  12. D.R. Webster, A.C. True, and M.J. Weissburg “Orientation of hydrodynamic cues affects differential behavior responses in mud crab larvae,” Ocean Sciences Meeting, San Diego, CA, February , 2020
  13. M. Ruszczyk, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen “Metachronal Swimming in Pacific krill, Euphausia pacifica,” Ocean Sciences Meeting, San Diego, CA, February , 2020
  14. M. Mohaghar, S. Jung, K.A. Haas, and D.R. Webster “Copepod behavior responses around internal waves,” Ocean Sciences Meeting, San Diego, CA, February , 2020
  15. D. Elmi, S. Soumya, D.R. Webster, and D.M. Fields “Hop and escape behavior of Acartia tonsa in response to turbulent-like eddies,” Ocean Sciences Meeting, San Diego, CA, February , 2020
  16. A. Connor, D. Adhikari, D. Ranjan, and D.R. Webster “Hydrodynamics and bio-locomotion of krill caridoid response maneuver,” Ocean Sciences Meeting, San Diego, CA, February , 2020
  17. D.W. Murphy, D. Olsen, M. Kanagawa, R. King, S. Kawaguchi, J. Osborn, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen “Antarctic krill schools: Linking three dimensional structure and function,” Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, Tampa, FL, January , 2019
  18. A.C. True, D.R. Webster, M.J. Weissburg, and J. Yen “Copepod avoidance of thin layers of harmful algal compounds,” Aquatic Sciences Meeting, San Juan, PR, February , 2019
  19. D.R. Webster, D. Elmi, S. Soumya, and D.M. Fields “Behavior of a cruise-swimming copepod in mimics of turbulent eddies,” Aquatic Sciences Meeting, San Juan, PR, February , 2019
  20. D.W. Murphy, D. Olsen, M. Kanagawa, R. King, S. Kawaguchi, J. Osborn, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen “The density and structure of Antarctic krill schools in the laboratory,” Aquatic Sciences Meeting, San Juan, PR, February , 2019
  21. M. Ruszczyk, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen “Freshwater copepod behavior in turbulent eddies,” DFD19 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Seattle, WA, November 2019. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society 64(13): 574 , 2019
  22. M. Mohaghar, L.P. Dasi, and D.R. Webster “Scalar power spectra and turbulent length scales in high-Schmidt-number scalar fields,” DFD19 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Seattle, WA, November 2019. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society 64(13): 174 , 2019
  23. D. Elmi, S. Soumya, D.R. Webster, and D.M. Fields “Species and orientation differences in copepod behavior in a Burgers vortex,” DFD19 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Seattle, WA, November 2019. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society 64(13): 647 , 2019
  24. A. Connor, D. Adhikari, D. Ranjan, and D.R. Webster “Hydrodynamics of caridoid escape response in krill,” DFD19 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Seattle, WA, November 2019. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society 64(13): 196 , 2019
  25. M. Ruszczyk, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen “Underwater propulsion at intermediate Re: Multi-oar biomechanics of mysids,” DFD18 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Atlanta, GA, November 2018. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society 63(13): 340 , 2018
  26. D.R. Webster, J. Yen, and D. Adhikari “Flying underwater in the optimal Strouhal number range,” DFD18 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Atlanta, GA, November 2018. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society 63(13): 268 , 2018
  27. A.N. Skipper, D.W. Murphy, and D.R. Webster “Vortex dynamics and viscous energy dissipation in hop-and-sink propulsion of the water flea,” Ocean Sciences Meeting, Portland, OR, February , 2018
  28. D.R. Webster, R.S. Kadel, and W.C. Newstetter “Flippin’ fluid mechanics – Improved student performance and perceptions,” Ocean Sciences Meeting, Portland, OR, February , 2018
  29. D.R. Webster, D.L. Young, and A.I. Larsson “Turbulent mixing in a meandering chemical plume,”  Ocean Sciences Meeting, Portland, OR, February , 2018
  30. D. Elmi, D.M. Fields, and D.R. Webster (2018) Deconstructing turbulence-copepod interactions – Calanus response to mimics of turbulent vortices.  Ocean Sciences Meeting, Portland, OR, February , 2018
  31. D. Elmi, S. Soumya, D.R. Webster, and D.M. Fields “Examining behavior of a cruise swimming copepod in a Burgers’ vortex,” DFD18 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Atlanta, GA, November 2018. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society 63(13): 340 , 2018
  32. D.R. Webster, R.S. Kadel, and W.C. Newstetter “Flippin’ fluid mechanics – Comparison of blended classroom vs. traditional lecture,” DFD17 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Denver, CO, November 2017. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society 62(14): 478 , 2017
  33. A.A. Cervania, D. Elmi, and D.R. Webster “Diatom motion in laboratory simulated turbulent flow,” ASLO Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, February , 2017
  34. A.N. Skipper, D.W. Murphy, and D.R. Webster “Characterization of hop-and-sink locomotion of water fleas,” DFD17 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Denver, CO, November 2017. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society 62(14): 594 , 2017
  35. D. Elmi, D.R. Webster, and D.M. Fields “Copepod behavior response to Burgers’ vortex treatments mimicking turbulent eddies,” DFD17 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Denver, CO, November 2017. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society 62(14): 595 , 2017
  36. D.R. Webster, S. Jung, and K. Haas “Copepod behavior response in an internal wave apparatus,” DFD17 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Denver, CO, November 2017. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society 62(14): 377 , 2017
  37. D. Adhikari, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen “Scaling of hydrodynamics and swimming kinematics of shelled Antarctic sea butterfly,” DFD16 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Portland, OR, November 2016. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society Vol. 61, No. 20, p. 414 , 2016
  38. D.L. Young, A.I. Larsson, and D.R. Webster “Structure and mixing of a turbulent meandering plume Part 1: Concentration and velocity structure,” DFD16 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Portland, OR, November 2016. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society Vol. 61, No. 20, p. 156-157 , 2016
  39. D.R. Webster, D.L. Young, and A.I. Larsson “Structure and mixing of a turbulent meandering plume Part 2: Turbulent mixing and eddy-diffusivity,” DFD16 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Portland, OR, November 2016. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society Vol. 61, No. 20, p. 156 , 2016
  40. A.N. Skipper, D.W. Murphy, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen “Propulsion of the water flea,” Microscale Ocean Biophysics Meeting, Eilat, Israel, October , 2016
  41. D.W. Murphy, D.R. Webster, S. Kawaguchi, R. King, J. Osborn, and J. Yen “The structure of Antarctic krill schools and the possible role of hydrodynamic interactions among schoolmates,” Microscale Ocean Biophysics Meeting, Eilat, Israel, October , 2016
  42. D.R. Webster, A.C. True, M.J. Weissburg, J. Yen, and A. Genin “Behavioral response of tropical copepods to simulated frontal flows,” ASLO Summer Meeting, Santa Fe, NM, June , 2016
  43. D.L. Young, D.L., B.L. Bruder, K.A. Haas, and D.R. Webster “Tidally-driven surface flow in a Georgia estuarine saltmarsh,” Ocean Sciences Meeting, New Orleans, LA, February , 2016
  44. D.R. Webster, A.C. True, M.J. Weissburg, and J. Yen “Copepod behavior in thin layers of toxic algae,” Ocean Sciences Meeting, New Orleans, LA, February , 2016
  45. D. Adhikari, D., D.R. Webster, and J. Yen “Why pteropods flap their wings, periodically pitch their shell, and swim in a sawtooth-like trajectory,” Ocean Sciences Meeting, New Orleans, LA, February , 2016
  46. S. Jung, S., D.R. Webster, K. Haas, and J. Yen “Laboratory-scale internal wave apparatus for studying copepod behavior,” Ocean Sciences Meeting, New Orleans, LA, February , 2016
  47. A.N. Skipper, D.W. Murphy, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen “Propulsion of the water flea, Daphnia magna: Experiments, scaling, and modelling,” Ocean Sciences Meeting, New Orleans, LA, February , 2016
  48. A.N. Skipper, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen “Calanoid copepod behavior in thin layer shear flows: Freshwater versus marine,” DFD15 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Boston, MA, November 2015. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society Vol. 60, No. 21, p. 637 , 2015
  49. D. Adhikari, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen, “Pteropod ‘Flight’ as Indicator of Ocean Acidification,” Response of Pteropods to Ocean Acidification and Climate Change Workshop, Cambridge, England, June , 2015
  50. D.W. Murphy, D. Adhikari, D.R. Webster, J. Yen, “Kinematics and Hydrodynamics of Sea Butterfly Swimming,” Microscale Ocean Biophysics, Aspen, CO, January , 2015
  51. J. Yen, D.W. Murphy, and D.R. Webster, “Copepod Escape from Suction Feeding Fish,” 2015 Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, West Palm Beach, FL, January , 2015
  52. D.W. Murphy, D.R. Webster, S. Kawaguchi, R. King, J. Osborn, and J. Yen, “Aggregative Behavior of the Antarctic Krill: Group Interactions, Multi-oar Biomechanics, and Hydrodynamic Wake Signature,” 2015 Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, West Palm Beach, FL, January , 2015
  53. Z. Zhou, K. Shoele, D. Adhikari, J. Yen, D.R. Webster, and R. Mittal “Fluid dynamics of clap-and-fling with highly flexible wings inspired by the locomotion of sea butterflies,” DFD15 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Boston, MA, November 2015. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society Vol. 60, No. 21, p. 640. , 2015
  54. S. Jung, K. Haas, and D.R. Webster “Internal wave apparatus for copepod behavior assays,” DFD15 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Boston, MA, November 2015. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society Vol. 60, No. 21, p. 465. , 2015
  55. D. Adhikari, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen “Flapping, wobbling, and zig-zagging: Tomographic PIV measurements of Antarctic sea butterfly “flying” underwater,” DFD15 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Boston, MA, November 2015. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society Vol. 60, No. 21, p. 638 , 2015
  56. D.R. Webster, A.C. True, M.J. Weissburg, J. Yen, and A. Genin “Copepod behavioral response to simulated frontal flows,” DFD15 Meeting of the American Physical Society, Boston, MA, November 2015. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 60, No. 21, p. 639. , 2015
  57. A.C. True, D.R. Webster, M.J. Weissburg, and J. Yen, “Shear-induced Behavioral Responses of Eminently-Settling Brachyuran Crab Larvae Have Implications for Selective Tidal Stream Transport (STST),” 2014 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, February , 2014
  58. J. Yen, D.R. Webster, D.M. Murphy, R. Mittal, and Z. Zhou, “Underwater Propulsion at Intermediate Re: Comparative Analyses of a Marine Pteropod and a Freshwater Cladoceran,” 2014 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, February , 2014
  59. D.R. Webster, D.L. Young, and J. Yen, “Acartia tonsa Response to Burgers Vortex: Deconstructing Turbulence-Copepod Interactions,” 2014 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, February , 2014
  60. D.R. Webster, and D.M. Majerich, “Flippin’ Fluid Mechanics – Improved Student Engagement and Learning via Web-based Applications,” 2014 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, February , 2014
  61. D. Adhikari, D.W. Murphy, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen, “Fluid-Dynamics of Underwater Flight in Sea Butterflies: Analysis using Tomographic PIV,” DFD14 Meeting of The American Physical Society, San Francisco, CA, November 2014. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 59, No. 20, p. 374 , 2014
  62. A.C. True, D.R. Webster, M.J. Weissburg, and J. Yen, “Copepod Behavior in “Cryptic Blooms” of Toxic Algae,” DFD14 Meeting of The American Physical Society, San Francisco, CA, November 2014. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 59, No. 20, p. 224 , 2014
  63. D.R. Webster, D.M. Majerich, and J. Luo, “Flippin’ Fluid Mechanics – Quasi-experimental Pre-test and Post-test Comparison Using Two Groups,” DFD14 Meeting of The American Physical Society, San Francisco, CA, November 2014. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 59, No. 20, p. 485 , 2014
  64. D.L. Young, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen, “Response of Acartia tonsa to Burgers’ Vortex: Deconstructing Turbulence-Copepod Interactions,” DFD14 Meeting of The American Physical Society, San Francisco, CA, November 2014. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 59, No. 20, p. 231 , 2014
  65. N.H. De Jesus-Villanueva, D.L. Young, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen, “Comparison of Turbulence-Copepod Interaction: Temora longicornis vs. Acartia tonsa,” DFD14 Meeting of The American Physical Society, San Francisco, CA, November 2014. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 59, No. 20, p. 231 , 2014
  66. D.R. Webster, A.C. True, M.J. Weissburg, and J. Yen, “Behavioral Response of Atlantic Mud Crab Megalopae to Coherent Shear Flows,” DFD14 Meeting of The American Physical Society, San Francisco, CA, November 2014. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 59, No. 20, p. 509-510 , 2014
  67. A.N. Skipper, D.W. Murphy, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen, “Time-resolved Tomographic PIV Measurements of Water Flea Hopping: Body Size Comparison,” DFD14 Meeting of The American Physical Society, San Francisco, CA, November 2014. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 59, No. 20, p. 376 , 2014
  68. Z. Zhou, R. Mittal, J. Yen, and D.R. Webster, “Fluid Dynamics of Underwater Flight in Sea Butterflies: Insights from Computational Modeling” DFD14 Meeting of The American Physical Society, San Francisco, CA, November 2014. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 59, No. 20, p. 375 , 2014
  69. D. Adhikari, D.W. Murphy, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen, “Swimming characteristics of Limacina helicina using tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry,” Workshop on Fluid Dynamics of Living Systems, Arlington, VA, September , 2014
  70. J. Yen, D.M. Murphy, and D.R. Webster, “Swimming and Sensing: High-Speed Tomographic PIV Measurements of Zooplankton Behavior,” 7th World Congress of Biomechanics, Boston, MA, July , 2014
  71. M. Wilson, D.R. Webster, and M.J. Weissburg, “Experiments in the Estuarine Intertidal: Advice for Field Biologists,” 2014 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, February , 2014
  72. J. Yen, D.W. Murphy, L. Fan, A. Skipper, and D.R. Webster, “High Speed Tomographic PIV Measurements of Copepod Sensitivity to a Suction-Feeding Predator Mimic,” DFD13 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Pittsburgh, PA, November 2013. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 58, No. 18, p. 231 , 2013
  73. A.C. True, D.R. Webster, M.J. Weissburg, and J. Yen, “Thin Layer Sensory Cues Affect Antarctic Krill Swimming Kinematics,” DFD13 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Pittsburgh, PA, November 2013. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 58, No. 18, p. 231 , 2013
  74. D.R. Webster, A.C. True, M.J. Weissburg, and J. Yen, “Copepod Trajectory Characteristics in Thin Layers of Toxic Algal Exudates,” DFD13 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Pittsburgh, PA, November 2013. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 58, No. 18, p. 462 , 2013
  75. D.L. Young, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen, “Turbulence-Copepod Interactions: Response of Acartia tonsa to Burgers Vortex,” DFD13 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Pittsburgh, PA, November 2013. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 58, No. 18, p. 478 , 2013
  76. D.R. Webster, and D.M. Majerich, “Flippin’ Fluid Mechanics – Using Online Technology to Enhance the In-Class Learning Experience,” DFD13 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Pittsburgh, PA, November 2013. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 58, No. 18, p. 491-492 , 2013
  77. J. Yen, D.R. Webster, D.W. Murphy, and R. Mittal, “Time-Resolved Tomographic PIV Measurements of Zooplankton: Comparative Analyses of Intermediate Re Wake Signatures,” Batsheva de Rothschild Seminar on Marine Life in the Flow, Eilat, Israel, October , 2013
  78. D.W. Murphy, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen, “Swimming and Sensing: High-Speed Tomographic PIV Measurements of Zooplankton Behavior,” Microscale Interactions in Aquatic Environments Symposium, Les Houches, France, March , 2013
  79. J. Yen, D.W. Murphy, and D.R. Webster, “Time-Resolved Tomographic PIV Measurements of Zooplankton: Links between Lab and Field Observations,” 2013 Aquatic Sciences Meeting, New Orleans, LA, February , 2013
  80. J. Yen, D.W. Murphy, and D.R. Webster, “Metachronal Propulsion, Hovering, and Signaling: High-Speed Tomographic PIV Measurements of Swimming Antarctic Krill,” DFD12 Meeting of The American Physical Society, San Diego, CA, November 2012. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 57, No. 17, p. 48 , 2012
  81. J. Yen, D. Webster, D. Murphy, K. Catton, R. Mittal, and L. Zheng, “Wake Signatures Formed at Intermediate Re Regimes: Signals of Prey, Predators, Mates or Schoolmates,” 2012 Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, Charleston, SC, January , 2012
  82. M. Kanagawa, D. W. Murphy, D. R. Webster, S. Kawaguchi, R. King, J. Yen, “Swarming to Schooling Transitions in Antarctic Krill Aggregations,” 2012 Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, Charleston, SC, January , 2012
  83. D. R. Webster and S. K. Delavan, “Unsteadiness of Bivalve Clam Jet Flow According to Environmental Conditions and Predator Presence,” 2012 Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, Charleston, SC, January , 2012
  84. D.W. Murphy, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen, “Copepod Escape Jumps: Tomo-PIV Measurements of the Eliciting Hydromechanical Signal and Subsequent Flow Disturbance,” 2012 Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, Charleston, SC, January , 2012
  85. M.J. Weissburg, K.Y. Volyanskyy, and D.R. Webster, “Bio-Inspired Strategies for Effective Navigation in Complex Chemical Plumes,” CIMTEC 2012 – 4th International Conference on Smart Materials, Structures and Systems, Montecatini Terme, Tuscany, Italy, June , 2012
  86. D. Borrero-Echeverry, D.R. Webster, M.F. Schatz, “Applying Tomographic PIV to Turbulent Taylor-Couette Flows,” DFD12 Meeting of The American Physical Society, San Diego, CA, November 2012. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 57, No. 17, p. 210 , 2012
  87. D.R. Webster, D.W. Murphy, and J. Yen, “High Speed Tomographic PIV Measurements of Copepod Escape Jumps,” DFD12 Meeting of The American Physical Society, San Diego, CA, November 2012. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 57, No. 17, p. 49 , 2012
  88. D.W. Murphy, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen, “High-Speed Hopping: Time-Resolved Tomographic PIV Measurements of Water Flea Swimming,” DFD12 Meeting of The American Physical Society, San Diego, CA, November 2012. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 57, No. 17, p. 49 , 2012
  89. A.C. True, D.R. Webster, M.J. Weissburg, and J. Yen, “Employing an Internal Wavemaker to Simulate Sensory Cues in the Plankton,” DFD12 Meeting of The American Physical Society, San Diego, CA, November 2012. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 57, No. 17, p. 48 , 2012
  90. A.C. True, D.R. Webster, M.J. Weissburg, and J. Yen, “Evaluating Satiated Copepod Behavioral Responses to Thin Layer Flow Structure,” DFD11 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Baltimore, MD, November 2011. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 56, No. 18, p. 296 , 2011
  91. D.R. Webster, D.W. Murphy, and J. Yen, “High Speed Tomographic PIV Measurements of Copepod Sensory Cues,” DFD11 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Baltimore, MD, November 2011. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 56, No. 18, p. 115-116 , 2011
  92. D.W. Murphy, L. Zheng, R. Mittal, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen, “Sea Butterfly Swimming: Time-resolved Tomographic PIV Measurements,” DFD11 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Baltimore, MD, November 2011. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 56, No. 18, p. 156 , 2011
  93. K. Volyanskyy, D.R. Webster, and M.J. Weissburg, “Signal Processing and Control Algorithms for Autonomous Chemical Plume Tracking,” Institute of Biological Engineering 2011 Annual Conference, Atlanta, GA, March , 2011
  94. D.W. Murphy, D.R. Webster, J. Yen, “Quantifying Zooplankton-Generated Flow via a High-Speed Tomographic PIV System,” Aspen Ocean Symposium, Aspen, CO, January , 2011
  95. A. True, D.R. Webster, M.J. Weissburg, J. Yen, “Another Possible Bio-physical Mechanism for Observed Zooplankton Aggregations?” Aspen Ocean Symposium, Aspen, CO, January , 2011
  96. D.R. Webster, D.W. Murphy, J. Yen, “A High-Speed Tomographic PIV System for Measuring Zooplankton-Turbulence Interaction,” Aspen Ocean Symposium, Aspen, CO, January , 2011
  97. K. Volyanskyy, D.R. Webster, and M.J. Weissburg, “Neuroadaptive Control Algorithms for Autonomous Chemical Plume Tracking,” 2011 Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, Salt Lake City, UT, January , 2011
  98. D. Borrero-Echeverry, D.R. Webster, R. Tagg, M.F. Schatz, “A Search for Exact Coherent Structures in Transitional Taylor-Couette Flow,” DFD10 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Long Beach, CA, November 2010. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 55, No. 16, p. 204 , 2010
  99. D. W. Murphy, D.R. Webster, S. Kawaguchi, R. King, J. Osborn, and J. Yen “Krill Schooling: Defining the Structure of Antarctic Krill Schools and Swarms,” 2010 Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, Seattle, WA, January , 2010
  100. S.K. Delavan and D.R. Webster, “Field Boundary Layer Characteristics as Modified by Clams in Habitats of Varying Survival Rates,” 2010 Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, Seattle, WA, January , 2010
  101. M.L. Wilson, D.R. Webster, and M.J. Weissburg, “Temporal Variation in Estuarine Flows Relevant to Chemically-mediated Predators,” 2010 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Portland, OR, February , 2010
  102. D.W. Murphy, D.R. Webster, S. Kawaguchi, R. King, J. Osborn, and J. Yen, “The Density and Structure of Antarctic Krill Schools,” 2010 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Portland, OR, February , 2010
  103. N. Kabir, D.W. Murphy, D.R. Webster, S. Kawaguchi, R. King, and J. Yen, “Comparison of Locomotory Biomechanics of Antarctic and Pacific Krill,” 2010 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Portland, OR, February , 2010
  104. A. True, D.R. Webster, M.J. Weissburg, J. Yen, and A. Genin, “Quantifying Copepod Swimming Kinematics in Response to Vertical Shear Layers,” 2010 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Portland, OR, February , 2010
  105. S.K. Delavan and D.R. Webster, “Clam Excurrent Siphon Velocity Patterns According to External Environmental Cues,” 2010 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Portland, OR, February , 2010
  106. D.R. Webster, K.B. Catton, S. Kawaguchi, and J. Yen, “The Hydrodynamic Disturbances of Two Species of Krill,” 2010 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Portland, OR, February , 2010
  107. K.B. Catton, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen, “The Hydrodynamics of Two Species of Copepods: Temperate and Subtropical Euchaeta,” 2010 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Portland, OR, February , 2010
  108. J. Yen, D.R. Webster, D.W. Murphy, and K.B. Catton, “Aquatic Propulsion in an Intermediate Reynolds Number Regime: Comparative Analysis of 3 Propulsive Mechanisms,” 16th U.S. National Congress of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, State College, PA , 2010
  109. D.W. Murphy, D.R. Webster, J. Yen, “A High-Speed Tomographic PIV System for Measuring Plankton-Generated Flow,” DFD10 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Long Beach, CA, November 2010. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 55, No. 16, p. 331 , 2010
  110. D. R. Webster and S. K. Delavan, “Patterns in Clam Excurrent Siphon Velocity According to External Environmental Cues,” DFD10 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Long Beach, CA, November 2010. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 55, No. 16, p. 87-88 , 2010
  111. S.K. Delavan and D.R. Webster, “Modification of Boundary Layer Momentum by the Presence and Pumping Behavior of the Bivalve Clam, Mercenaria mercenaria, in a Tidal Channel,” DFD09 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Minneapolis, MN, November 2009. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 54, No. 19, p. 67 , 2009
  112. J.L. Page, B.D. Dickman, D.R. Webster, and M.J. Weissburg, “Simultaneous correlation of odor-plume structure and behavior: I. Three-dimensional plume structure at antennules affects speed and sensor height in tracking blue crabs,” 2009 Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, Boston, MA, January , 2009
  113. M.J. Weissburg, B.D. Dickman, J.L. Page, and D.R. Webster, “Simultaneous correlation of odor-plume structure and behavior: II. Signal contrast at walking legs elicits steering in tracking blue crabs,” 2009 Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, Boston, MA, January , 2009
  114. J. Yen, K.B. Catton, and D.R. Webster, “The Hydrodynamic Wake of Two Species of Swimming Krill,” Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, Boston, MA, January , 2009
  115. D. W. Murphy, D.R. Webster, S. Kawaguchi, R. King, and J. Yen “Locomotory Biomechanics of Antarctic Krill,” 2009 Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, Boston, MA, January , 2009
  116. D. W. Murphy, D.R. Webster, S. Kawaguchi, R. King, F. Sotiropoulos, and J. Yen, “Kinematics of Various Swimming Modes in Antarctic Krill,” 3rd GLOBEC Open Science Meeting, Victoria, BC, Canada, June , 2009
  117. S. K. Delavan, and D. R. Webster, “Boundary layer momentum modifications by the presence and pumping behavior of the bivalve clam, Mercenaria mercenaria in a tidal channel,” Southeast Regional meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology: Divisions of Comparative Biomechanics and Vertebrate Morphology, Chapel Hill, NC, September , 2009
  118. D.R. Webster, K.B. Catton, and J. Yen, “The Hydrodynamics of Two Species of Copepods: Temperate and Subtropical Euchaeta,” DFD09 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Minneapolis, MN, November 2009. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 54, No. 19, p. 299-300 , 2009
  119. K.B. Catton, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen, “Comparison of the Hydrodynamic Wakes of Temperate and Tropical Euchaeta Species,” 2008 Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, San Antonio, TX, January , 2008
  120. K.B. Catton, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen, “Can Krill Mix the Ocean?” 2008 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Orlando, FL, March , 2008
  121. A.C. Johnson, D.R. Webster, M.J. Weissburg, and J. Yen, “Copepod Behavior Response at Vertically-Aligned Thin Layers of Velocity Gradient,” 2008 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Orlando, FL, March , 2008
  122. J.L. Jackson, B.D. Dickman, D.R. Webster, and M.J. Weissburg, “Real-time Turbulent Odor Plume Quantification: II. Correlation to Specialized Behaviors in Blue Crabs,” 2008 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Orlando, FL, March , 2008
  123. B.D. Dickman, J.L. Jackson, D.R. Webster, and M.J. Weissburg, “Real-time Turbulent Odor Plume Quantification: I. Signal Structure Perceived by Blue Crabs,” 2008 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Orlando, FL, March , 2008
  124. S.K. Delavan and D.R. Webster, “Signal Structure in Bivalve Excurrent Flow,” 2008 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Orlando, FL, March , 2008
  125. D.R. Webster, K.B. Catton, and J. Yen, “The Hydrodynamic Wake of Two Species of Swimming Krill,” DFD08 Meeting of The American Physical Society, San Antonio, TX, November 2008. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 53, No. 15, p. 237 , 2008
  126. S.K. Delavan and D.R. Webster, “Temporal Patterns in Bivalve Excurrent Flow under Varying Ambient Flow Conditions,” DFD08 Meeting of The American Physical Society, San Antonio, TX, November 2008. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 53, No. 15, p. 273-274 , 2008
  127. M. Lynch, D.R. Webster, M.J. Weissburg, and J. Yen, “Copepod behavior in thin layers of attractive and deterrent chemical cues,” Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union, San Francisco, CA, December , 2008
  128. M.J. Weissburg, J.L. Jackson, S. Rahman, and D.R. Webster, “The Effects of Vertical Odor Plume Structure on Navigation and Foraging Performance in Blue Crabs,” 2007 Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, Phoenix, AZ, January , 2007
  129. J.L. Jackson, B.D. Dickman, M.J. Weissburg, and D.R. Webster, “Three-Dimensional Concentration Measurements Around Actively Tracking Blue Crabs,” 2007 Annual Meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, Phoenix, AZ, January , 2007
  130. B.D. Dickman, J.L. Jackson, M.J. Weissburg, and D.R. Webster, “Quantifying Turbulent Plume Signals Used by Actively Tracking Blue Crabs,” ASLO 2007 Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Santa Fe, NM, February , 2007
  131. K.B. Catton, D.R. Webster, J. Brown, and J. Yen, “Quantification of the Hydrodynamic Wake of Swimming Euphausia pacifica and Euphausia superba,” ASLO 2007 Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Santa Fe, NM, February , 2007
  132. J.L. Jackson, B.D. Dickman, M.J. Weissburg, and D.R. Webster, “Three-Dimensional Concentration Measurements Around Actively Tracking Blue Crabs,” 2007 Benthic Ecology Meeting, Atlanta, GA, March , 2007
  133. K.B. Catton, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen, “Biologically-Generated Turbulence by Two Krill Species,” DFD07 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Salt Lake City, UT, November 2007. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 52, No. 17, p. 278 , 2007
  134. D.R. Webster, B.D. Dickman, J.L. Jackson, and M.J. Weissburg, “Quantifying the 3D Odorant Concentration Field Used by Actively Tracking Blue Crabs,” DFD07 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Salt Lake City, UT, November 2007. Also Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 52, No. 17, p. 122 , 2007
  135. D.R. Webster, C.B. Woodson, M.J. Weissburg, and J. Yen, “A Survey of the Behavioral Responses to Fine-scale Oceanographic Structure by Calanoid Copepods,” 2006 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, February , 2006
  136. C.B. Woodson, D.R. Webster, M.J. Weissburg, and J. Yen, “Cue Hierarchy as a Search Strategy for the Calanoid Copepod, Temora Longicornis,” 2006 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, February , 2006
  137. K.B. Catton, D.R. Webster, J. Brown, and J. Yen, “Quantitative Analysis of Tethered Versus Free-swimming Copepod Flow Fields,” 2006 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, February , 2006
  138. J. Jackson, D.B. Dickman, D.R. Webster, and M.J. Weissburg, “Odor-tracking Behavior of Blue Crabs in Rough Bed Flow Environments,” 2006 Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, February , 2006
  139. D.R. Webster, “Turbulent Chemical Plumes,” Seventh International Symposium on Technology and the Mine Problem, Monterey, CA, May , 2006
  140. B.D. Dickman, J.L. Jackson, M.J. Weissburg, and D.R. Webster, “Three-Dimensional Concentration Measurements Around Actively Tracking Blue Crabs,” DFD06 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Tampa, FL, November 2006. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 51, No. 9, p. 251 , 2006
  141. K.B. Catton, D.R. Webster, J. Brown, and J. Yen, “PIV Measurements of Tethered and Free-swimming Copepodid Flow Fields,” DFD06 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Tampa, FL, November 2006. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 51, No. 9, p. 218 , 2006
  142. D.R. Webster, C.B. Woodson, M.J. Weissburg, and J. Yen, “Behavioral Response of Zooplankton to Environmental Cues Associated with Structure in the Ocean,” DFD06 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Tampa, FL, November 2006. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 51, No. 9, p. 251 , 2006
  143. S.K. Delavan and D.R. Webster, “Signal Structure in Bivalve Excurrent Flow,” DFD06 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Tampa, FL, November 2006. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 51, No. 9, p. 251 , 2006
  144. C.B. Woodson, D.R. Webster, M.J. Weissburg, and J. Yen, “Defining Structure in Pelagic Habitats: Are Physical Gradients Important to Copepod Foraging and Aggregation,” 2005 ASLO Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, February , 2005
  145. J. Yen, J. Brown, X. Tian, M.J. Weissburg, and D.R. Webster, “Dynamic Similarity or Size Proportionality? Adaptations of a Polar Copepod,” 2005 ASLO Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, February , 2005
  146. M.J. Weissburg and D.R. Webster, “Moving Beyond the Mean: How We Got Here, and Why We Need to Keep Going,” 2005 ASLO Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, February , 2005
  147. D.R. Webster and R.J. Miller, “Multi-point Correlation Functions of a Passive Scalar Field in a Turbulent Boundary Layer,” DFD05 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Chicago, IL, November, 2005. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 50, No. 9, p. 153 , 2005
  148. C.B. Woodson, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen, “Behavioral Responses of Acartia tonsa to Environmental Cues Associated with Structure in the Open Ocean,” 2004 ASLO Ocean Research Conference, Honolulu, HI, February , 2004
  149. J. Jackson, S. Rahman, D.R. Webster, and M.J. Weissburg, “Effect of Bed Roughness on Scalar Mixing and Odor Plume Navigation in Turbulent Boundary Layer Flows,” 2004 ASLO Ocean Research Conference, Honolulu, HI, February , 2004
  150. D.R. Webster, A. Brathwaite, K.D. Rasberry, and J. Yen, “A New Laboratory Apparatus to Study the Interaction of Turbulence and Pelagic Zooplankton,” 2004 ASLO Ocean Research Conference, Honolulu, HI, February , 2004
  151. L.P. Dasi and D.R. Webster, “Effect of Intermittency, Initial Conditions, and Large-scale Anisotropy on the Small-scale Structure of a Passive Scalar Field,” DFD04 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Seattle, WA, November, 2004. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 49, No. 9, p. 146 , 2004
  152. D.R. Webster, L.P. Dasi, and F. Schuerg, “Scale-dependant Fractal Measures of Iso-surfaces of a Passive Scalar in Turbulent Boundary Layers,” DFD04 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Seattle, WA, November, 2004. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 49, No. 9, p. 146 , 2004
  153. D.R. Webster and F. Schuerg, “Fractal Geometry of Iso-surfaces of a Passive Scalar in a Turbulent Boundary Layer,” DFD03 Meeting of The American Physical Society, East Rutherford, NJ, November, 2003. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 48, No. 10, p. 149 , 2003
  154. L.P. Dasi and D.R. Webster, “Structure Functions and Multi-point Correlation Functions of a Passive Scalar Field in a Turbulent Boundary Layer,” DFD03 Meeting of The American Physical Society, East Rutherford, NJ, November, 2003. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 48, No. 10, p. 186 , 2003
  155. D.R. Webster and M.J. Weissburg, “Fluid Mechanics Produces Conflicting Constraints During Olfactory Navigation: Effects on Chemical Signal Acquisition,” 2002 AGU/ASLO Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, February , 2002
  156. D.R. Webster, M.J. Weissburg, and D.L. Smee “Locomotion and Chemosensory Tradeoffs During Olfactory Navigation,” The 31st Annual Marine Benthic Ecology Meeting, Orlando, FL, March , 2002
  157. D.R. Webster and M.J. Weissburg, “Fluid Mechanics Produces Conflicting Constraints During Olfactory Navigation,” DFD02 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Dallas, TX, November, 2002. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 47, No. 10, p. 98 , 2002
  158. S. Rahman and D.R. Webster, “The Effect of Bed Roughness on Scalar Fluctuations in Turbulent Boundary Layers,” DFD02 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Dallas, TX, November, 2002. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 47, No. 10, p. 94 , 2002
  159. L.P. Dasi and D.R. Webster, “Scaling Behavior in the Local Structure of Passive Scalar Fields in a Turbulent Boundary Layer,” DFD02 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Dallas, TX, November, 2002. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 47, No. 10, p. 150 , 2002
  160. Y. Chang, J. Brown, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen, “Generating Fluid Flow by Krill: Role of Pleopods,” ASLO 2002 Summer Meeting, Victoria, BC, June , 2002
  161. Y. Chang, J. Brown, D.R. Webster, and J. Yen, “Generating Fluid Flow by Krill: Role of Pleopods,” ASLO 2002 Summer Meeting, Victoria, BC, June , 2002
  162. J. Yen, S. Goldthwait, J. Brown, D.R. Webster, and A. Alldredge, “Velocity and Shear Stress Fields of Krill, Euphausia pacifica,” 2002 AGU/ASLO Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, February , 2002
  163. M.J. Weissburg, D.R. Webster, and D.L. Smee, “Fluid Mechanics Produces Conflicting Constraints During Olfactory Navigation: The Effect of Drag,” 2002 AGU/ASLO Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, February , 2002
  164. D.R. Webster, “The Fluid Mechanics of Chemosensory-Mediated Foraging,” ASLO Aquatic Sciences 2001, Albuquerque, NM, Feburary , 2001
  165. H. Ishida, M. Hirayama, J. Janata, D.R. Webster, and T. Moriizumi, “Sensor Arrays for Tracking of Underwater Chemical Plumes,” Meeting of Technical Group on Organic Material Electronics, IEICE Technical Report, Toyko, August , 2001
  166. H. Ishida, T. Kikas, J. Janata, and D.R. Webster, “Designing Sensor Arrays for Tracing of Chemical Plumes,” Papers of IEEJ Technical Meeting on Chemical Sensors, CHS-00-73, Tokyo, December , 2000
  167. T.C. Lackey, F. Sotiropoulos, and D.R. Webster, “The Dynamics of Multiple Vortex Breakdown Bubbles in Confined Swirling Flows: Quasi-Periodic Order in the Wake of Chaos,” DFD00 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Washington, DC, November, 2000. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 45, No. 9, p. 91 , 2000
  168. L.P. Dasi, and D.R. Webster, “Passive Scalar Distributions in a Turbulent Boundary Layer,” DFD00 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Washington, DC, November, 2000. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 45, No. 9, p. 110 , 2000
  169. S. Rahman, X. Tian, P.J.W. Roberts, and D.R. Webster, “Three-Dimensional Imaging of Chemical Odor Plumes,” DFD00 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Washington, DC, November, 2000. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 45, No. 9, p. 142 , 2000
  170. D.R. Webster, S. Rahman, and L.P. Dasi, “Bilateral Comparison in Chemosensory-Mediated Foraging,” DFD00 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Washington, DC, November, 2000. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 45, No. 9, p. 190 , 2000
  171. D.R. Webster, P.J.W. Roberts, and L. Ra’ad, “Velocity and Concentration Measurements of a Turbulent Plume,” MAR99 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Atlanta, GA, March 1999. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 44, No. 1, Part II, p. 1829 , 1999
  172. Y. Ventikos, F. Sotiropoulos, and D.R. Webster, “Chaotic Advection in Stationary Vortex Breakdown Bubbles: Experiments and Computations,” DFD99 Meeting of The American Physical Society, New Orleans, LA, November, 1999. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 44, No. 8, p. 183 , 1999
  173. D.R. Webster, P.J.W. Roberts, S. Rahman, and L.P. Dasi, “Information Content of Turbulent Chemical Plumes,” DFD99 Meeting of The American Physical Society, New Orleans, LA, November, 1999. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 44, No. 8, p. 36 , 1999
  174. E.K. Longmire, D.R. Webster, and J.S. Lowengrub, “Dynamics of Pinch-Off in Immiscible Liquid/Liquid Jets,” DFD97 Meeting of The American Physical Society, San Francisco, CA, November 1997. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 42, No. 11, p. 2165 , 1997
  175. D.R. Webster and E.K. Longmire, “Structure and Dynamics of Vortex Rings Exiting Inclined Orifices,” DFD97 Meeting of The American Physical Society, San Francisco, CA, November 1997. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 42, No. 11, p. 2124 , 1997
  176. E.K. Longmire, D.R. Webster, M. Reetz, and D. Gefroh, “Evolution of Vortex Rings Exiting Inclined Cylinders,” DFD96 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Syracuse, NY, November 1996. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 41, No. 9, p. 1724 , 1996
  177. D.R. Webster and E.K. Longmire, “Three-Dimensional Vortex Structure in Jets from Inclined Nozzles,” DFD96 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Syracuse, NY, November 1996. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 41, No. 9, p. 1712 , 1996
  178. D.B. DeGraaff, D.R. Webster, and J.K. Eaton, “Turbulence Characteristics of a Boundary Layer over a 2D Bump,” DFD95 Meeting of The American Physical Society, Irvine, CA, November 1995. Also Bulletin of American Physical Society, Vol. 40, No. 12, p. 2013 , 1995